Learn about encryption algorithms such as AES, Diffie-Hellman key exchange, hashing, PKI, and TLS.
THM Room : https://tryhackme.com/room/cryptographyintro
TASK 1 Introduction
You can guess that it is a quote. Who said it?
Using quipquip https://quipqiup.com/ on this line :
“Xjnvw lc sluxjmw jsqm wjpmcqbg jg wqcxqmnvw; xjzjmmjd lc wjpm sluxjmw jsqm bqccqm zqy.” Zlwvzjxj Zpcvcol
quipquip
Answer : Miyamoto Musashi
TASK 2 Symmetric Encryption
Decrypt the file quote01 encrypted (using AES256) with the key s!kR3T55 using gpg. What is the third word in the file?
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PS C:\Users\test\task02> gpg -d .\quote01.txt.gpg
gpg: données chiffrées avec AES256.CFB
gpg: chiffré avec 1 phrase secrète
Do not waste time idling or thinking after you have set your goals.
Miyamoto Musashi
PS C:\Users\test\task02>
Passphrase
Answer : waste
Decrypt the file quote02 encrypted (using AES256-CBC) with the key s!kR3T55 using openssl. What is the third word in the file?
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root@ip-10-10-62-215:~/Rooms/cryptographyintro/task02# openssl aes-256-cbc -d -in quote02 -out original_message.txt
enter aes-256-cbc decryption password:
*** WARNING : deprecated key derivation used.
Using -iter or -pbkdf2 would be better.
root@ip-10-10-62-215:~/Rooms/cryptographyintro/task02# ls
original_message.txt quote01.txt.gpg quote02 quote03.txt.gpg
root@ip-10-10-62-215:~/Rooms/cryptographyintro/task02# cat original_message.txt
The true science of martial arts means practicing them in such a way that they will be useful at any time, and to teach them in such a way that they will be useful in all things.
Miyamoto Musashi
Answer : science
Decrypt the file quote03 encrypted (using CAMELLIA256) with the key s!kR3T55 using gpg. What is the third word in the file?
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root@ip-10-10-62-215:~/Rooms/cryptographyintro/task02# gpg --cipher-algo CAMELLIA256 -d quote03.txt.gpg
gpg: CAMELLIA256 encrypted data
gpg: encrypted with 1 passphrase
You must understand that there is more than one path to the top of the mountain.
Miyamoto Musashi
Answer : understand
TASK 3 Asymmetric Encryption
On the AttackBox, you can find the directory for this task located at /root/Rooms/cryptographyintro/task03; alternatively, you can use the task file from Task 2 to work on your own machine.
Bob has received the file ciphertext_message sent to him from Alice. You can find the key you need in the same folder. What is the first word of the original plaintext?
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root@ip-10-10-62-215:~/Rooms/cryptographyintro/task03# ls
ciphertext_message private-key-bob.pem public-key-alice.pem public-key-bob.pem
root@ip-10-10-62-215:~/Rooms/cryptographyintro/task03# openssl pkeyutl -decrypt -in ciphertext_message -inkey private-key-bob.pem -out decrypted.txt
root@ip-10-10-62-215:~/Rooms/cryptographyintro/task03# cat decrypted.txt
"Perception is strong and sight weak. In strategy it is important to see distant things as if they were close and to take a distanced view of close things."
Miyamoto Musashi
Answer :
Take a look at Bob’s private RSA key. What is the last byte of p?
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root@ip-10-10-62-215:~/Rooms/cryptographyintro/task03# openssl rsa -in private-key-bob.pem -text -noout
RSA Private-Key: (2048 bit, 2 primes)
modulus:
00:e8:5e:73:7d:54:55:0a:cc:56:64:87:b3:4b:8e:
24:df:96:b8:b9:5f:19:d4:71:a5:b9:5a:a8:d9:ab:
b4:7b:7f:59:08:c5:9c:47:0d:73:92:97:b8:ef:67:
b7:a6:5a:59:2c:e3:4c:ca:7f:53:1c:9e:34:32:0e:
c6:7c:60:b2:d6:1f:30:b2:ed:da:14:e9:15:78:80:
71:92:3c:26:32:a9:2b:3a:15:4e:48:2d:93:04:a5:
21:c7:da:15:6c:dd:bc:89:0e:cc:54:be:84:d6:40:
b8:47:59:d1:b2:27:c9:0d:43:55:de:33:dd:01:8f:
bf:6c:3e:79:31:dd:e4:90:8d:c3:35:72:31:85:15:
ae:ac:5a:96:c8:34:90:0e:32:4e:86:45:55:78:fb:
13:ed:a4:fb:f0:64:b4:61:04:f6:7c:e3:56:aa:03:
a3:43:1e:40:0b:98:1f:73:66:4a:5c:3a:25:69:2c:
d9:92:f8:69:c1:5b:61:b7:f2:3a:68:28:e9:2b:75:
08:9c:a4:63:9e:71:2b:63:aa:99:75:cf:78:00:23:
fc:5a:df:2d:95:14:2f:e6:10:5d:a0:ff:4d:07:c8:
d3:bb:2d:8f:0d:8a:fc:ab:43:5d:35:53:dc:72:a2:
74:5b:c0:88:0d:ee:c3:1f:7b:1c:74:1a:5e:e1:c1:
88:31
publicExponent: 65537 (0x10001)
privateExponent:
02:3b:3b:4b:58:ce:a2:eb:e8:bd:ce:65:1f:b4:9d:
bb:5d:41:d3:85:e0:ee:f3:fd:c3:69:e6:1f:db:a6:
40:09:59:06:dc:89:98:fa:68:17:0a:f3:46:59:43:
4a:35:a9:3a:e5:1e:8c:fd:ec:03:ba:56:85:f9:de:
58:be:14:f9:8e:bd:c8:fa:15:13:5e:54:4b:c9:45:
4d:ec:db:46:61:44:28:ff:f6:0b:26:0f:8e:06:87:
ec:83:60:f1:4a:af:cf:76:74:ea:86:14:80:7a:33:
f5:7b:71:fd:63:f9:bf:9c:30:96:e6:fd:ed:a5:e9:
10:ab:b3:93:91:ad:ea:e0:17:99:e8:7b:3d:64:58:
b1:74:3e:0e:81:5b:6d:fa:41:7a:23:26:4f:f1:24:
a8:73:f3:36:24:a2:65:17:7d:5b:52:8e:1f:fc:b7:
e6:53:bc:89:b0:e5:18:65:71:29:34:cb:f7:65:51:
39:0c:62:33:24:b8:60:bf:89:8b:c8:f5:0d:7d:e5:
85:cf:57:cf:c3:d8:44:10:8f:54:6c:04:99:8d:d7:
fd:e2:74:18:7b:5c:6c:3c:e1:30:0a:8b:8b:55:70:
88:8a:67:64:63:5c:65:8f:fa:92:cf:94:04:b9:8d:
53:28:bb:31:d8:31:3c:4c:06:cd:b6:17:e9:51:d8:
81
prime1:
00:ff:ea:65:3e:e5:96:96:0b:66:55:f1:f9:d0:37:
66:e9:35:a5:c3:43:ca:66:75:40:49:46:8d:85:a7:
ff:f4:73:97:69:11:a1:1e:37:f9:e3:38:cb:c0:5e:
56:e9:1a:0d:f2:9f:80:56:87:2a:99:bb:88:8e:93:
35:5a:9a:c6:f7:99:44:90:88:09:33:a6:0d:ea:b4:
56:98:66:20:9c:34:e7:b9:33:64:4f:08:01:08:62:
44:68:8f:df:79:0d:84:2b:77:e7:03:8b:3c:7a:e3:
e0:e0:ee:23:64:22:51:ed:dd:b8:1c:b3:75:c4:3f:
4a:cf:fc:7c:57:0b:95:75:e7
prime2:
00:e8:72:11:5c:b5:5c:14:19:85:ce:e7:d2:e9:54:
7b:58:ae:32:e9:e6:39:a7:65:b4:90:2f:53:b5:9d:
22:62:84:fe:52:86:f5:01:a2:9c:b0:4f:80:ee:d4:
07:27:3b:69:02:70:33:da:7d:97:56:b9:3e:f3:a1:
84:9e:73:6a:47:e5:99:8c:44:86:75:c1:bf:71:89:
06:b0:ee:dd:16:45:e7:05:fa:02:bd:e6:3e:b7:f2:
fe:e7:22:0b:ed:ca:23:a0:68:0b:fe:fb:c3:57:19:
21:58:6e:73:1d:9d:3c:2a:8a:c1:7e:ea:73:67:5a:
cb:3d:a8:9b:be:50:08:9e:27
exponent1:
1e:20:56:c8:df:b8:29:73:b0:19:60:01:fb:8b:fa:
16:6c:15:56:76:4d:86:60:39:30:27:19:13:e9:e2:
0c:c1:ea:ca:18:a4:31:ed:7f:02:4b:b6:58:b0:02:
65:30:87:01:cf:db:08:d4:a2:a4:34:5a:70:06:4e:
5a:9b:2b:df:0b:f0:f1:5e:c2:4e:8d:36:c8:31:70:
9c:42:31:86:92:07:d1:5a:86:6d:73:50:c3:ce:e5:
a4:b5:83:26:39:fc:1c:2d:e2:49:1d:84:02:27:7f:
5a:9b:4e:19:44:9d:06:76:7a:6d:0e:87:47:91:f7:
d9:a2:2c:75:06:cd:12:73
exponent2:
28:a9:f3:e1:9d:14:9b:ab:8f:5e:0f:ee:34:c5:83:
c2:92:ce:f3:5e:44:4d:c5:9c:1d:f1:39:9a:b6:ff:
91:ee:a4:33:39:ca:d8:db:62:bf:f1:58:a3:ef:51:
c5:0a:3e:a7:9f:8b:62:b8:bf:e5:fb:08:49:44:c3:
57:98:e7:49:e6:9f:c3:0b:25:de:a9:e3:5c:f0:54:
cc:55:2d:36:3d:4a:5a:20:4f:a4:7b:08:13:d4:1d:
c5:bf:8e:08:ae:69:27:21:ac:9f:91:d9:ad:7e:06:
f8:5a:72:27:07:1f:c4:6d:7b:c6:41:2b:a9:34:18:
04:14:60:12:9e:1b:b3:d7
coefficient:
6e:69:83:47:fb:63:da:cc:a5:bb:98:e6:ff:a5:18:
06:d2:7d:17:19:26:d7:bc:7a:72:13:5a:e3:7e:bc:
e4:6b:ba:5c:ad:fd:b5:df:73:a0:2f:53:c4:70:f0:
21:5b:86:13:46:96:ab:2e:4c:e1:c9:63:d0:13:73:
9f:90:d8:20:59:3a:23:86:cf:1a:03:3b:4a:21:da:
e8:77:28:3e:41:70:df:07:6e:7f:c0:25:6d:84:26:
18:18:bc:78:07:2c:05:1f:b6:b8:73:38:c6:2b:ce:
56:e7:e2:ff:12:bd:06:c4:0a:a6:f4:36:d1:cf:93:
a6:d5:75:d3:22:b7:3b:3a
“openssl rsa -in private-key.pem -text -noout: We are curious to see real RSA variables, so we used -text -noout. The values of p, q, N, e, and d are prime1, prime2, modulus, publicExponent, and privateExponent, respectively.”
So the answer is the last byte of prime1 !
Answer : e7
Take a look at Bob’s private RSA key. What is the last byte of q?
Same as previous question, but for prime2 :
Answer : 27
TASK 4 Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange
On the AttackBox, you can find the directory for this task located at /root/Rooms/cryptographyintro/task04; alternatively, you can use the task file from Task 2 to work on your own machine.
A set of Diffie-Hellman parameters can be found in the file dhparam.pem. What is the size of the prime number in bits?
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root@ip-10-10-62-215:~/Rooms/cryptographyintro/task04# openssl dhparam -in dhparams.pem -text -noout
DH Parameters: (4096 bit)
prime:
00:c0:10:65:c6:ad:ed:88:04:88:1e:e7:50:1b:30:
0f:05:2c:2d:d4:ea:60:44:9e:2a:f7:90:02:89:a4:
7e:05:99:32:38:dc:75:50:0a:c7:f6:6b:f7:b4:9a:
df:ef:ca:e0:ce:55:5d:31:48:3e:9c:35:5a:ad:03:
9c:87:d7:1c:48:e4:2e:29:dc:a3:90:81:23:7f:fa:
30:5c:fb:d8:62:7b:96:35:ef:9a:0f:84:49:c4:48:
97:b5:63:38:91:01:49:f1:42:15:fd:da:84:a6:90:
4d:2d:05:10:41:cf:06:53:52:80:eb:1b:11:ad:5d:
63:ed:fe:b1:f7:a7:60:1c:79:b8:88:54:a3:e4:64:
4d:d3:04:a7:d5:76:17:00:d4:44:19:d6:12:a9:1f:
aa:2b:ac:73:d6:52:50:92:17:a9:cd:f6:b0:ee:55:
57:a4:db:82:6e:4f:00:20:6f:6f:f5:b1:72:97:b0:
c5:3a:88:47:86:c6:e5:dd:fc:91:2f:82:08:05:0c:
5c:c2:f8:62:92:67:9e:f1:53:24:c0:76:f1:3d:0c:
50:31:5b:56:26:0a:3b:05:a3:b7:be:f9:ee:a4:82:
f8:9d:46:ab:a9:dd:b9:04:25:61:58:aa:2a:bb:7c:
2c:c8:e1:ef:ac:f9:50:e3:64:2e:30:9c:fd:48:26:
25:7e:75:c0:56:58:10:8d:d7:61:b4:df:f7:ce:bd:
9c:ef:6f:8b:47:8c:0e:cf:29:ab:eb:33:56:17:99:
19:ee:30:5f:d9:9d:80:6e:3c:91:05:e6:cd:55:ca:
25:f2:e3:d9:c8:68:74:1d:9e:4a:e7:53:25:1f:17:
27:3f:4e:29:c2:19:83:da:4d:8f:b5:6b:5c:de:67:
4f:01:10:48:84:99:32:c0:e5:e0:8b:9f:eb:4e:18:
f7:ff:c6:47:b1:47:b8:b2:7f:3c:9c:bd:93:c2:71:
b3:b4:37:fc:ad:2e:d9:af:2d:2c:f9:de:7f:42:8b:
39:21:d7:47:8f:18:c4:de:ad:70:0b:11:79:c4:df:
ef:0f:3a:9a:af:85:4e:95:05:ca:35:9e:6d:93:9b:
e4:66:23:78:2b:d9:f4:47:e4:fe:29:1e:aa:cb:95:
66:a2:f2:2a:c3:5a:fa:c0:a0:7d:53:bd:74:37:1d:
b1:c7:66:67:b7:7b:5f:32:bc:2f:fa:82:0a:12:15:
2f:41:10:cd:12:70:cc:ee:29:e7:1c:b7:07:d4:28:
1f:73:3c:15:c0:a2:1d:2b:db:07:57:f7:10:28:c7:
ed:e4:3a:69:c4:d9:4f:0f:c2:b4:4a:97:2a:2c:b3:
75:77:5e:1a:21:94:8c:85:fb:0d:5e:95:0f:c8:72:
59:6c:4f
generator: 2 (0x2)
Answer : 4096
What is the prime number’s last byte (least significant byte)?
Answer : 4f
TASK 5 Hashing
On the AttackBox, you can find the directory for this task located at /root/Rooms/cryptographyintro/task05; alternatively, you can use the task file from Task 2 to work on your own machine.
What is the SHA256 checksum of the file order.json?
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root@ip-10-10-62-215:~/Rooms/cryptographyintro/task05# ls
order2.json order.json order.txt
root@ip-10-10-62-215:~/Rooms/cryptographyintro/task05# sha256sum order.json
2c34b68669427d15f76a1c06ab941e3e6038dacdfb9209455c87519a3ef2c660 order.json
Answer : 2c34b68669427d15f76a1c06ab941e3e6038dacdfb9209455c87519a3ef2c660
Open the file order.json and change the amount from 1000 to 9000. What is the new SHA256 checksum?
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root@ip-10-10-62-215:~/Rooms/cryptographyintro/task05# nano order.json
root@ip-10-10-62-215:~/Rooms/cryptographyintro/task05# cat order.json
{
"sender": "Alice",
"recipient": "Mallory",
"currency": "USD",
"amount": 9000,
"notes": "weekly payment"
}
root@ip-10-10-62-215:~/Rooms/cryptographyintro/task05# sha256sum order.json
11faeec5edc2a2bad82ab116bbe4df0f4bc6edd96adac7150bb4e6364a238466 order.json
Answer : 11faeec5edc2a2bad82ab116bbe4df0f4bc6edd96adac7150bb4e6364a238466
Using SHA256 and the key 3RfDFz82, what is the HMAC of order.txt?
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root@ip-10-10-62-215:~/Rooms/cryptographyintro/task05# hmac256 3RfDFz82 order.txt
c7e4de386a09ef970300243a70a444ee2a4ca62413aeaeb7097d43d2c5fac89f order.txt
Answer : c7e4de386a09ef970300243a70a444ee2a4ca62413aeaeb7097d43d2c5fac89f
TASK 6 PKI and SSL/TLS
On the AttackBox, you can find the directory for this task located at /root/Rooms/cryptographyintro/task06; alternatively, you can use the task file from Task 2 to work on your own machine.
What is the size of the public key in bits?
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root@ip-10-10-62-215:~/Rooms/cryptographyintro/task06# ls
cert.pem key.pem
root@ip-10-10-62-215:~/Rooms/cryptographyintro/task06# openssl x509 -in cert.pem -text | cat
Certificate:
Data:
Version: 3 (0x2)
Serial Number:
2b:29:0c:2f:b0:52:3a:79:89:1f:82:11:07:bd:9d:84:2a:23:d5:1c
Signature Algorithm: sha256WithRSAEncryption
Issuer: C = UK, ST = London, L = London, O = Default Company Ltd
Validity
Not Before: Aug 11 11:34:19 2022 GMT
Not After : Feb 25 11:34:19 2039 GMT
Subject: C = UK, ST = London, L = London, O = Default Company Ltd
Subject Public Key Info:
Public Key Algorithm: rsaEncryption
RSA Public-Key: (4096 bit)
Modulus:
00:b2:92:13:57:5a:6f:34:e2:e1:f2:08:55:ae:a9:
cd:da:c8:e9:6b:bf:fd:5c:36:6d:d3:de:81:53:60:
e9:8a:ec:f6:84:1a:73:31:1a:73:cf:47:62:4a:61:
4e:9b:63:0d:ce:7c:74:3b:9e:d1:dc:ef:90:1e:de:
1b:fb:89:5c:03:f2:57:58:4a:d6:d1:d0:a5:eb:4d:
1f:c8:d7:c7:11:e0:38:c3:c3:20:5c:ef:23:09:71:
f7:54:68:78:d7:35:80:07:18:83:4a:ce:c6:82:5d:
1c:96:f6:ab:11:67:86:5e:8c:1f:dc:5e:68:65:24:
42:6a:51:21:69:87:b2:63:d8:dc:5d:c5:df:bf:cf:
b3:59:7b:88:c5:4e:b2:a5:2c:8d:f6:a7:45:3f:b4:
d2:5f:b7:15:72:e0:d1:c1:b4:4f:68:23:08:48:a5:
13:e9:d5:7f:21:59:c3:50:a9:09:ea:44:c2:a3:91:
3f:78:89:05:b0:35:5b:ee:d0:42:6e:a3:43:d9:39:
72:0f:a8:de:e4:83:31:73:37:d7:17:af:0c:ca:49:
cc:3f:2d:66:28:66:22:4a:b1:e3:20:b4:fc:67:d9:
b1:bb:d2:f5:66:cb:d2:55:df:4e:4b:63:ed:6b:9c:
db:ac:82:18:d7:76:f0:8f:20:05:79:2e:01:4c:01:
c0:23:54:af:e3:ee:31:ef:d1:a3:fc:69:a2:f2:5c:
3d:d9:58:3e:e2:27:93:34:68:04:8b:07:3c:9a:bb:
16:3c:26:ff:8a:61:1c:7b:b6:1e:e6:43:f7:3b:bd:
f5:e0:ce:c1:32:8d:f5:08:58:37:57:10:b4:d4:01:
ed:f7:c4:ef:f1:08:6d:d7:f3:9a:62:37:6a:e8:24:
60:e3:20:37:34:4c:04:24:d3:46:a2:2b:10:ea:8b:
9f:be:8f:e5:34:b7:ec:36:68:64:ca:92:f3:c5:15:
2a:f0:72:fa:23:85:65:7c:61:95:89:f0:07:a2:09:
4b:a9:a6:b6:04:bb:f9:1e:79:b2:ef:8c:65:47:cc:
bf:09:86:5a:64:64:f9:33:86:24:a3:da:39:7a:b6:
db:e6:13:ae:c3:c2:04:d9:02:ea:56:0b:52:02:3f:
25:f0:7f:d2:0b:31:1e:63:e5:eb:9a:cf:ac:97:ae:
8e:7a:10:e5:42:c8:c1:9b:0c:6e:34:ab:54:54:b6:
8e:f8:03:ed:95:bf:c0:3d:c2:ce:99:4f:96:43:d6:
48:71:25:bd:b9:47:d1:af:5d:c9:74:f8:b6:25:16:
c0:dd:91:86:20:5c:75:81:7e:df:31:e9:86:2a:f1:
96:10:37:88:d7:12:9f:ca:a4:f1:81:af:64:9a:c2:
a9:9c:9f
Exponent: 65537 (0x10001)
X509v3 extensions:
X509v3 Subject Key Identifier:
C8:1F:D9:46:B3:B2:25:9C:BE:38:3C:B9:94:B4:31:86:AE:40:2A:35
X509v3 Authority Key Identifier:
keyid:C8:1F:D9:46:B3:B2:25:9C:BE:38:3C:B9:94:B4:31:86:AE:40:2A:35
X509v3 Basic Constraints: critical
CA:TRUE
Signature Algorithm: sha256WithRSAEncryption
04:ec:02:e4:c7:d2:31:49:5b:9c:c7:38:e2:2a:e7:d4:29:95:
b9:73:55:ae:f4:f0:cd:91:a4:5c:6d:51:e7:8c:b0:7d:5f:d0:
f3:11:aa:17:b7:7d:dc:13:ca:a7:50:c6:a9:29:e9:40:df:f5:
65:c0:da:cb:9a:1e:88:43:61:ba:0a:ca:38:cb:70:e8:5a:b1:
c5:2e:f6:96:e6:28:51:bd:21:17:8f:a7:ef:fb:76:9c:50:b7:
3c:6b:01:71:ee:59:2c:54:af:bc:31:05:81:6a:21:de:33:67:
49:36:f2:00:11:7f:64:0a:7f:b2:4c:b9:de:2a:f2:31:af:a0:
64:d2:47:29:1d:39:5c:d9:e1:4f:bb:df:c1:6e:f9:27:10:cb:
8c:0f:1d:df:4f:78:59:29:1a:86:ad:f1:8d:4e:a3:12:cb:23:
0c:19:14:ef:32:63:e7:bd:2f:62:50:51:57:9c:9e:29:be:92:
5a:c2:26:c6:ea:09:67:09:8b:f7:3a:5c:97:5c:27:9c:5d:e8:
8c:cf:9b:69:68:7c:69:0b:03:72:86:70:9c:21:88:f0:1d:00:
0a:53:da:ac:71:bc:ee:0d:49:7f:c4:a0:a6:1a:da:2c:f9:d4:
73:c7:5b:ca:89:b1:09:1f:f5:78:6a:08:a7:4e:52:b9:2e:62:
06:f1:1b:9f:61:03:b1:dc:f2:4d:5f:f5:9f:34:4e:6a:d0:9a:
12:85:2e:d3:c3:b7:60:0e:f9:58:6e:5b:92:41:25:4e:fa:60:
61:ad:84:37:b5:9d:9a:97:bc:9b:2d:c0:2f:ad:53:9d:bc:bd:
5e:fb:00:b6:bd:e3:d8:a8:e1:6f:6e:ce:c4:a1:35:67:37:96:
9f:07:e6:3a:7d:65:1c:a2:36:d1:93:4c:4b:d4:f5:53:ae:03:
87:91:d7:14:e1:33:0b:ca:5a:5c:4b:01:c2:3c:ec:79:d4:43:
ee:a0:54:dd:9c:28:aa:88:7e:f5:bc:76:b2:eb:73:8f:a5:ea:
12:00:a6:64:96:b2:37:35:48:a0:ba:25:91:29:f8:4d:f0:3a:
78:68:ac:19:88:f5:34:d3:08:f5:83:30:98:1b:8d:4a:ef:81:
38:15:b9:a8:a1:b5:95:cf:fc:2b:70:70:fc:fa:69:f6:e0:d9:
a3:4c:0a:d0:12:49:04:fa:5b:be:b7:e3:a2:77:a5:de:18:85:
26:30:99:82:0d:81:2f:3f:53:9e:88:f5:1d:cb:30:14:f3:42:
86:7b:21:49:cc:0a:2d:a9:9d:bd:6e:fb:d8:36:df:92:7e:27:
16:72:5f:a1:03:33:a9:11:cd:ee:98:44:e0:fb:b1:ee:1b:80:
d3:fd:93:b7:23:08:be:07
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----
Answer : 4096
Till which year is this certificate valid?
“Validity Not Before: Aug 11 11:34:19 2022 GMT Not After : Feb 25 11:34:19 2039 GMT”
Answer : 2039
TASK 7 Authenticating with Passwords
You were auditing a system when you discovered that the MD5 hash of the admin password is 3fc0a7acf087f549ac2b266baf94b8b1. What is the original password?
Using a well known online hash database crackstation :
Hash Type Result 3fc0a7acf087f549ac2b266baf94b8b1 md5 qwerty123
Answer : qwerty123
TASK 8 Cryptography and Data - Example
Make sure you read and understand the above scenario. The purpose is to see how symmetric and asymmetric encryption are used along with hashing in many secure communications.
No Answer.
TASK 9 Conclusion
Make sure you have taken notes of all the concepts and commands covered in this room.
No Answer.